GitHub and Git: Workflow and CLI Installation Guide

GitHub provides the 'gh' command line interface (CLI) to manage pull requests, issues, releases, and repositories directly from a terminal. On Linux distributions such as Ubuntu, Debian, Raspberry Pi OS, and Mint, the tool can be installed via the default repositories using the 'sudo apt install gh' command. However, because distribution repositories may lag behind the latest upstream versions, users can also add GitHub’s official signed apt repository to ensure access to the most current releases.

Git functions as a version control system used to track code changes through a specific workflow. This process typically involves four stages: the working directory, where code is written; the staging phase, where modified files are prepared; the commit phase, which records snapshots to a local repository; and the push phase, which sends those commits to a remote platform like GitHub. Developers use various terminal commands to manage these stages, including 'git init' to initialize repositories and 'git commit' to record changes.