Global agriculture shifts focus to productivity to ensure food security

Global agriculture faces the challenge of increasing food production without expanding cultivated land, driven by a world population exceeding 8.3 billion and increasing urban expansion. With limited new arable land and growing pressure on water resources, food security has become a strategic priority for governments and international organizations.

Projections from the OECD and the FAO estimate that global agricultural and fisheries production will grow by approximately 14% between 2025 and 2034, primarily through productivity improvements. Key technological drivers include precision agriculture, satellite monitoring, advanced irrigation, seed genetic improvement, and more efficient soil and nutrient management.

In Mexico, the sector faces challenges such as climate variability, water scarcity, and a heavy reliance on imported fertilizers, with international purchases exceeding $2.3 billion in 2024. Efforts to strengthen national production include projects like the Proman GPO complex in Topolobampo, aimed at increasing domestic fertilizer capacity.