Global economy faces energy and supply chain pressures despite AI support

The global economy is demonstrating greater resilience than expected despite facing multiple systemic shocks, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Key pressures include energy disruptions linked to Middle East conflicts, persistent inflation, rising public debt, and trade tensions. However, the rapid development of artificial intelligence is noted as a significant factor supporting global economic activity.

IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva noted that the economy has better withstood energy shocks, such as those involving Iran and disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz, due to supply diversification and renewable energy growth. Nevertheless, risks remain high, particularly as rising oil prices could reignite inflation. The situation is especially sensitive during the Northern Hemisphere's winter when energy demand increases.

Simultaneously, global supply chains are undergoing a structural shift from cost optimization toward resilience. Recent disruptions, such as the Red Sea crisis forcing container ships to reroute around the Cape of Good Hope, have increased delivery times by 7 to 10 days. This instability is driving a trend toward nearshoring, offering potential opportunities for Mediterranean regions like the Maghreb. Advanced information systems and AI are becoming essential tools for managing these systemic risks and providing real-time visibility across global flows.