GLP-1 drugs linked to increased risk of hair loss in new study

Research published in The British Medical Journal suggests that GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as semaglutide and tirzepatide, may be associated with an increased risk of non-scarring alopecia. The study, which analyzed electronic patient data from the University of Pennsylvania Health System, compared over 12,000 patients using these drugs against those using other anti-diabetes treatments.

Findings indicated that GLP-1 receptor agonist users were 37 per cent more likely to develop alopecia than users of SGLT-2 inhibitors and 68 per cent more likely than users of DPP-4 inhibitors. Researchers noted that while the absolute risk remains low, the association is notable.

Potential causes for the hair loss may be indirect rather than a direct toxic effect on hair follicles. The rapid weight loss induced by these medications can trigger telogen effluvium, a temporary hair shedding phase. Additionally, nutritional deficiencies in iron or zinc, often resulting from rapid weight loss, or hormonal changes may contribute to the condition. Further studies are required to clarify the exact underlying mechanisms.