Great Sea Interconnector project faces geopolitical tensions

The Great Sea Interconnector (GSI) project, designed to link the electrical grids of Greece and Cyprus, has become a significant geopolitical focal point in the Eastern Mediterranean. The 900-kilometer subsea cable aims to end the energy isolation of Cyprus and eventually extend to Israel. The European Union has supported the project with approximately €658 million, designating it a Project of Common Interest.

The project has gained renewed momentum following the entry of the French investment group Meridiam as a majority shareholder in August 2026. This involvement introduces significant French and European interests into a sensitive maritime zone where disputes regarding continental shelves and Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) between Greece and Turkey remain unresolved.

In response to potential Turkish interference during upcoming research activities east of Kastos, Athens has developed a graduated response plan. This strategy aims to avoid premature militarization, ranging from the deployment of the Hellenic Coast Guard to diplomatic engagement and, if necessary, the monitoring of Turkish naval movements by Greek naval units. The plan emphasizes maintaining the lowest possible level of tension while asserting rights under international law.