Gynecological health: Managing menstrual changes and menopause

Medical experts are highlighting the importance of monitoring menstrual changes and understanding the transition into menopause. Dr. José Luis Goncalves notes that persistent changes in menstruation—such as bleeding lasting more than eight days, heavy flow that interferes with daily activities, bleeding between periods, or a significant decrease in flow—should not be ignored. These symptoms can indicate hormonal imbalances, polyps, fibroids, adenomyosis, or even precancerous or cancerous conditions of the endometrium.

Diagnostic tools such as 3D ultrasound and hysteroscopy are used to evaluate uterine structures and treat lesions. Additionally, a marked decrease in menstruation following uterine surgery may indicate the formation of adhesions.

Regarding menopause, Dr. Daysi Navarro Despaigne explains that the climacteric process prepares the body for the cessation of ovarian hormonal production. Symptoms often include hot flashes, mood swings, irritability, fatigue, and insomnia. While menopause does not necessarily decrease sexual desire, physical changes like vaginal dryness can occur. The decline in estrogen production during this stage can also impact cardiovascular function, metabolism, bone density, and brain health.