Poland increases coal imports from Kazakhstan and Colombia

Poland is experiencing a significant increase in coal imports to meet heating demands for the upcoming season. In the first half of 2026, energy coal imports rose by 168 percent compared to the same period in 2025, reaching 3.06 million tons. The primary suppliers are Kazakhstan, providing 1.9 million tons, and Colombia, providing 1 million tons.

Kazakhstani coal reaches Poland via Russian railway infrastructure, utilizing an EU sanctions exception that allows Kazakh coal to transit through Russian ports like Ust-Luga. This arrangement is intended to support trade with Kazakhstan, a key supplier to the EU.

Domestic production remains insufficient to meet total demand, with a shortfall of approximately 8 to 10 million tons annually. While Minister of State Assets Wojciech Balczun has stated there is no immediate risk of coal shortages, rising transport costs and high demand are driving up prices at local depots. In some regions, such as Bydgoszcz, prices have reached approximately 2,150 PLN per ton.

Separately, the Polish agricultural sector faces shifting dynamics in the beef market. While beef prices in Poland have declined since the start of 2026, the market remains supported by shrinking EU cattle herds and expected production decreases. However, increased competition is anticipated from Mercosur imports, particularly from Brazil and Australia.