Heatstroke: Symptoms, Risks and Emergency Care Guidelines

Heatstroke is a life‑threatening condition that occurs when body temperature rises above 41 °C and the body cannot dissipate heat. It commonly presents with high fever, lack of sweating, rapid weak pulse, low blood pressure, dizziness, nausea, confusion, loss of consciousness and can lead to seizures or cardiac arrest.

High‑risk groups include infants, the elderly, people with chronic illnesses, obesity or alcohol dependence, and those exposed to extreme heat and humidity. Immediate first‑aid steps are to move the person to a cool, shaded or air‑conditioned area, apply cold compresses to the neck, armpits and groin, monitor vital signs and call emergency services (166 or 112 in Greece). Preventive measures advise avoiding direct sun, wearing light clothing and hats, staying hydrated, limiting strenuous activity during peak heat, and ensuring vulnerable individuals are not left alone.