Historical milestones and anniversaries of September 25

September 25 marks several significant historical milestones across various fields. In political history, the 2017 Kurdistan independence referendum saw a 92.7 percent vote in favor of independence, though the Iraqi government did not recognize the result. In Italy, the 2022 national elections saw Giorgia Meloni and her party, Fratelli d'Italia, win with 26 percent of the vote, marking the first time a woman led a winning party in the history of the Italian Republic.

Other notable historical events include the establishment of Yosemite National Park in California in 1890, the founding of Columbia University’s journalism school in 1912, and the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066, which signaled the end of the Viking era in England. In 1939, Nazi Germany began its atomic bomb project under the direction of Werner Karl Heisenberg.

In Italy, the date is also associated with the assassinations of magistrates Cesare Terranova in 1979 and Antonino Saetta and his son Stefano in 1988 by the mafia. Additionally, the 2005 death of Federico Aldrovandi following a police encounter in Ferrara remains a significant event in Italian legal and social history.