Hormonal changes during menopause affect various bodily functions

Menopause is a natural biological stage characterized by the reduction of ovarian function and a progressive decline in hormone production, primarily estrogen. According to the World Health Organization, natural menopause typically occurs between the ages of 45 and 55 and is confirmed after 12 consecutive months without menstruation.

The transition involves several stages: perimenopause, where menstrual cycles and hormonal fluctuations begin; menopause, the final menstrual period; and post-menopause. Because estrogen affects various tissues throughout the body, the symptoms extend beyond reproductive changes. Common symptoms include hot flashes, night sweats, sleep disturbances, mood swings, vaginal dryness, and abdominal fat gain.

Recent discussions, highlighted by actress Flávia Alessandra, have brought attention to less commonly discussed symptoms such as hair loss, changes in hair texture, and thinning hair. Specialists note that while hormonal fluctuations can impact skin and hair density, these symptoms vary in intensity among women and may require investigation into other causes.