Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) are celebrated for their bright heads and tall, slender stems. Native to North America, they provide food for pollinators such as bees and bumblebees, and later supply seeds for many bird species. Young plants exhibit heliotropism, turning toward the sun during the day under the influence of the hormone auxin, a movement that stops once the flower matures.
To cultivate healthy sunflowers, start with high‑germination seeds or purchase established seedlings in late spring. Choose a variety that fits the planting space: dwarf types (under 50 cm) suit balconies, while taller cultivars can exceed two metres for garden beds. Plant seeds in well‑drained soil, water regularly, and provide full sun exposure. Proper care will yield prolific, east‑facing blooms that attract pollinators and add vibrant color to any garden.
Entities: Helianthus annuus · Vincent van Gogh