India infrastructure needs better investability and regulation, Deloitte report

A 2026 Deloitte Future of Infrastructure survey indicates that India’s primary infrastructure challenge has shifted from raising capital to ensuring projects are investable and execution-ready. While the public sector has successfully reduced risk in greenfield sectors like renewables and highways, similar mechanisms have not yet scaled for urban infrastructure.

Key barriers identified by respondents include complex policies, regulations, and permitting processes (42%), a lack of private-sector participation (38%), and budgetary constraints (38%). To accelerate delivery, the report recommends improved project preparation, clearer revenue models, and financing structures that distribute risk more effectively among stakeholders.

The survey also highlights a shift toward diversified funding models. Respondents anticipate growth in vendor and supplier financing (71%), multilateral and development bank funding (62%), and participation from sovereign wealth and pension funds (58%). The Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) is noted as a successful example of government risk-sharing that improves project bankability.