Insects provide diverse ecosystem services beyond pollination

A new review published in the Annals of the Entomological Society of America highlights the extensive range of ecosystem functions provided by insects, moving beyond the well-known role of pollination. While 80–90% of flowering plants rely on insects for pollination, these organisms contribute to society through various other critical services.

Key ecological roles include nutrient recycling and soil improvement by dung beetles, waste disposal by carrion-feeding flies and beetles, and habitat engineering by ants and termites. Aquatic insects play a vital role in maintaining water quality and transferring nutrients between ecosystems.

Beyond environmental stability, insects provide direct benefits to humans, including the production of silk, dyes, and medicines. In medical contexts, certain fly larvae are utilized for wound cleaning. In landscaping, predatory insects such as lady beetles, lacewings, and praying mantises act as natural pest control, potentially reducing the necessity for chemical pesticides.