Insomnia treatment options and risks for adults

Up to 40% of adults in the United States experience insomnia, a condition that can increase the risk of long-term health issues such as dementia and heart disease. While lifestyle changes and cognitive behavioral therapy are common first steps, many individuals consider sleep medications when these methods fail to provide relief.

Prescription and over-the-counter sleep medications vary in function; some are designed to help patients fall asleep, while others assist in staying asleep. The suitability of a specific medication depends on an individual's age, existing medical conditions, and current medications.

Medical professionals advise that sleep medications should be used for the shortest duration possible. Long-term use carries risks of dependence, and potential side effects include memory problems, falls, and death. It is essential to work closely with healthcare providers to monitor responses to treatment and mitigate these risks.