IPB University expert discusses snapper fish consumption risks

Joko Santoso, an expert from IPB University's Department of Aquatic Product Technology, states that snapper fish is generally safe to consume, though certain conditions can pose health risks.

One primary concern is ciguatera, a type of poisoning caused by ciguatoxin. This toxin originates from marine food chains, specifically from microalgae such as Gambierdiscus. The toxin accumulates in fish that consume contaminated organisms and remains present even after cooking.

The risk level depends on several factors, including the species, habitat, size, age, and fishing location of the fish. Larger, older predatory snapper living in coral reef ecosystems in tropical and subtropical regions are at a higher risk of accumulating ciguatoxin. Additionally, snapper from polluted waters may contain mercury or other pollutants, particularly large, long-lived predators. Notably, fish containing these toxins may not show visible signs of illness, nor will they exhibit changes in taste, smell, or appearance.