Ireland proposes major overhaul of citizenship and naturalization rules

Ireland is preparing a major overhaul of its naturalization process through the proposed Irish Nationality and Citizenship (Amendment) Bill 2026. Justice Minister Jim O'Callaghan intends to present these measures as part of a stricter migration policy.

Key changes for applicants seeking citizenship through residency include increasing the required period of reckonable residence from five years to eight years. Applicants would need to demonstrate two years of continuous residence immediately prior to applying, alongside six years within the preceding decade. For the first time, mandatory language proficiency tests in English, Irish, or Irish Sign Language will be required, along with a civics test covering the Irish Constitution and government functions.

The legislation also introduces financial and welfare criteria. Applicants must demonstrate economic self-sufficiency based on cost-of-living data and may be barred from citizenship if they have received social welfare or housing supports during the naturalization process.

Spouses and civil partners of Irish citizens will face tighter restrictions, including an increase in the required duration of marriage or partnership from three to five years. Additionally, the Minister would gain the authority to revoke citizenship granted through naturalization on grounds of national security or public order.