Italy implements mandatory digital waste tracking forms

As of September 16, the digital Waste Identification Form (xFIR) has become mandatory for certain categories of businesses registered with the National Electronic Register for Waste Traceability (RENTRI) in Italy.

For construction companies, the digital xFIR is mandatory specifically for the production and management of hazardous special waste. For non-hazardous special waste, companies may choose to use the digital format voluntarily or continue using paper forms. If a producer chooses the digital format, the entire supply chain—including transporters and recipients—must follow that digital process.

Experts note that while the transition to digital is underway, significant operational challenges remain. Current issues include the inability to easily modify digital forms once issued, which could lead to administrative penalties. There are also concerns that the system currently acts more as a digital replica of the old paper model rather than a tool that provides true administrative simplification for businesses.