Kirkuk–Banias pipeline revival and new Middle East routes target reduced reliance on Strait of Hormuz

The United States, together with an international coalition headed by Chevron Corporation, signed memoranda of understanding with Syria and Iraq to refurbish and operate the Kirkuk–Banias oil pipeline. The line, once a major conduit for regional oil, is slated to carry up to two million barrels per day once fully operational; Lebanon, despite owning historic infrastructure extending the route to Tripoli, remains outside the project.

At the same time, Gulf and regional states—including Saudi Arabia, Oman, Iraq, Turkey, Jordan, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and Qatar—are advancing a suite of alternative oil‑and‑gas corridors. New pipelines, rail links and port facilities are planned to move up to 14 million barrels per day by 2028, aiming to cut dependence on the vulnerable Strait of Hormuz. Experts warn that financing, geographic hurdles and political tensions could impede full implementation.