Korea Institute of Energy Research develops hybrid catalyst for ammonia ships

Researchers at the Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) have developed a new hybrid catalyst technology designed to mitigate the environmental drawbacks of ammonia-fueled ships. While ammonia is a promising carbon-neutral fuel for the shipping industry, its combustion produces nitrogen oxides (NOx), nitrous oxide (N2O), and unburned ammonia (NH3). Nitrous oxide is particularly concerning as it is a potent greenhouse gas with a global warming potential 300 times higher than carbon dioxide.

The newly developed hybrid catalyst can simultaneously remove approximately 99% of both nitrogen oxides and unburned ammonia within a single catalyst layer. This approach reduces the required amount of catalyst by up to half compared to traditional methods. Furthermore, the technology is significantly more cost-effective, reducing expenses by at least 80% compared to existing precious metal-based catalysts.

The research team also developed a catalyst for nitrous oxide decomposition that operates at approximately 350°C without the need for additional reducing agents, which is about 100°C lower than current commercial alternatives. Because these catalysts can be integrated into existing exhaust gas treatment systems used for diesel ships, they offer a lightweight and space-saving solution for the maritime industry. The findings were published in the international journal ‘Applied Catalysis B: Environment and Energy’.