Machiavelli’s theories on political leadership and acting

Sociologist and historian Richard Sennett discusses Niccolò Machiavelli’s theories in ‘The Prince,’ specifically the concept that successful rulers must act as skilled actors to maintain power. According to Sennett, a ruler must use masks to navigate difficult political decisions, such as tax increases or forming alliances, by appearing unpredictable to keep subjects off balance.

Sennett distinguishes Machiavellian strategy from the behavior of modern demagogues like Donald Trump. While Machiavelli’s ideal ruler uses various personas as a calculated mask while maintaining a clear mind, Sennett suggests that Trump remains stuck in a single role, driven by his own fantasies rather than strategic role-switching.