Madagascar marks one year since Rajoelina's exile and military transition

One year after the political rupture of October 2025, Madagascar remains in a state of transition following the departure of former President Andry Rajoelina. The crisis was triggered by widespread protests from the 'Gen Z' movement, initially sparked by utility shortages including water and electricity, which eventually evolved into a broader rejection of the administration.

The situation reached a turning point on October 11, 2025, when Colonel Michael Randrianirina and members of the CAPSAT military unit joined the protesters, calling on security forces to refuse to suppress the population. This military mutiny led to Rajoelina leaving the country on October 12, 2025, via a French military aircraft. Following his departure, the military declared control, and Colonel Randrianirina was sworn in as the president of the transition on October 17.

Currently, Rajoelina is living in exile in the United Arab Emirates, where he attempts to maintain diplomatic presence and seek support from African leaders. Meanwhile, his political camp in Madagascar has largely collapsed; many allies have fled into exile, while others, such as former minister Marie-Michelle Sahondrarimalala, face imprisonment. The transitional government continues to navigate judicial challenges and the pressure to organize credible elections.