Maritime security declines amid Hormuz tensions and Somali piracy

Maritime security is deteriorating in key shipping corridors due to Iranian enforcement in the Strait of Hormuz and a resurgence of Somali piracy.

In the Strait of Hormuz, Iran's maritime authority (PGSA) has blacklisted 45 vessels, threatening them with fines, seizure, or confiscation for allegedly violating Iranian navigation rules. An analysis indicates that at least 14 of these vessels have already been attacked while navigating the strait or its vicinity. These incidents have occurred primarily near the coast of Oman on routes supported by the United States but prohibited by Tehran. The instability in this strategic waterway, a critical route for oil exports, follows increased regional tensions.

Simultaneously, Somali piracy is seeing a significant resurgence. Experts suggest that the diversion of naval resources to the Middle East to manage the conflict with Iran has created a security vacuum. As shipping companies avoid the Strait of Hormuz by taking longer routes around Africa, the increased traffic along the eastern coast of the continent has made vessels more vulnerable. Recent attacks have included the hijacking of oil and fertilizer tankers, with crews being held hostage. UN expert groups have also noted potential coordination between Yemeni militants and Somali pirate networks.