Martinsyde F. 4 Buzzard aircraft used in Spanish Civil War

During the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in July 1936, the Spanish Naval Aviation (Aeronáutica Naval) still operated several Martinsyde F. 4 Buzzard biplane fighters. This aircraft was considered archaic by the time of the conflict, as its design originated during World War I.

The F. 4 was a development of the Martinsyde F. 3, which was initially powered by a Rolls-Royce Experimental Falcon engine. Due to engine shortages caused by the prioritization of the Bristol F. 2B Fighter, the manufacturer, Martinsyde Ltd., redesigned the airframe to accommodate the Hispano-Suiza 8Fb engine. This modification resulted in the F. 4 variant, officially named the Buzzard in September 1918. The aircraft was noted for its high maximum speed among British warplanes of its era.