Media literacy: Distinguishing news from commentary

Distinguishing between factual news reporting and opinion-based commentary is becoming increasingly vital for readers navigating digital information streams. News is characterized by an objective description of events—addressing who, what, when, where, how, and why—using verified sources and avoiding emotional labels or evaluative language.

In contrast, commentary involves the author expressing a specific perspective, interpreting events, or predicting consequences. Recognizing these differences is a key component of building resistance to propaganda and disinformation, particularly regarding sensitive topics such as politics and conflict. Indicators of commentary include the use of evaluative adjectives, rhetorical questions, metaphors, and the presence of an author's name or an 'opinion' label.