Melanin and Sun Protection Myths Among Black People

Melanin gives some natural defense against ultraviolet (UV) radiation, but it does not eliminate the risk of sun damage. Dermatologists note that people with darker skin can still experience sunburn, skin cancer, premature aging, and discoloration.

Common misconceptions include the belief that Black people do not need sunscreen and that sunscreen is only required on sunny days. In reality, UV rays penetrate clouds, windows, and everyday outdoor activities. The CDC reports that only about 55 % of melanoma cases in Black patients are detected early, compared with 78 % in white patients, resulting in a five‑year survival rate of roughly 66 % versus 90 % for white patients.

Medical experts, such as Dr. Nkem Ugonabo, stress that all skin types need regular sunscreen protection regardless of weather conditions to reduce the risk of skin cancer and to prevent long‑term skin damage.