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[INTERNATIONAL] · United Kingdom, Russia, Iran, United States · 62 sources

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MI5 Chief warns of rising threats from Russia, Iran and AI

MI5 Director-General Ken McCallum has warned that foreign state-driven threats to the United Kingdom have quadrupled over the last decade. In his annual threat assessment, McCallum identified Russia as the “number one aggressor,” noting that Moscow is intensifying hybrid warfare—including cyberattacks, sabotage, and disinformation—to destabilize European nations while avoiding direct conventional conflict with NATO.

McCallum also highlighted a significant shift in Iranian activity, stating that Tehran is increasingly targeting harder objectives, such as military installations. This follows a suspected plot against the RAF Fairford airbase in Gloucestershire, an incident that prompted the United States to withdraw B-1 and B-52 bombers from the facility. Additionally, McCallum noted that over 50 arrests have been made in the past 12 months in connection with Iran-linked operations, which have frequently targeted Jewish communities.

The briefing also addressed the emerging risks of artificial intelligence. McCallum warned that terrorists could misuse AI to develop biological weapons, create new pathogens, or enhance reconnaissance and drone-based attacks. To address these evolving technological risks, MI5 has established the AI Threat Assessment Centre (AITAC) in collaboration with GCHQ and MI6.

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Iran · Ken McCallum · MI5 · NATO · RAF Fairford · Russia · Sir Ken McCallum

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