Mild cognitive impairment and dementia risk guidance for Cyprus adults

Memory lapses and slower thinking are often part of normal ageing, but when changes exceed typical age‑related expectations they may indicate mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MCI is not automatically a sign of dementia, though it can be an intermediate stage. Diagnosis relies on medical history, input from close relatives and cognitive tests; there is no single definitive exam. Doctors first rule out other causes such as nutritional deficiencies, thyroid problems or depression, and may refer patients for further assessment.

Early identification allows lifestyle and health interventions that can slow or even reverse decline. Regular monitoring, controlling hypertension or diabetes, adjusting medication, a balanced diet, exercise, social activity and learning new skills are all recommended. Studies cited show that 6‑11 % of people with MCI develop dementia each year, about 40 % within five years, while up to 28 % may return to normal cognition. Discussing future care plans with family and organizing support can also reduce anxiety.

The information, presented by experts including Nikki‑Anne Wilson of the University of New South Wales, aims to alert Cyprus residents to the signs of MCI and encourage timely medical consultation.