New magnetic analysis method detects ancient ceramic forgeries

Researchers have developed a new method to distinguish authentic ancient ceramics from modern forgeries by analyzing their magnetic properties. The study, published in the journal PNAS, utilizes a phenomenon known as viscous remanent magnetization (VRM).

When clay is fired, magnetic particles align with the Earth's magnetic field. Over centuries, smaller particles slowly reorient themselves to match the current magnetic field, creating a unique magnetic signature. This signature becomes more resistant to heat as the object ages. Testing revealed that in ceramics over 1,000 years old, this magnetization only disappears when temperatures exceed approximately 112 degrees Celsius. In contrast, modern forgeries lose this magnetism at much lower temperatures, typically between 50 and 70 degrees Celsius.

The research, involving scientists from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California San Diego, the University of Liverpool, and researchers led by Yoav Vaknin, could provide significant utility for museums, archaeological research, and legal proceedings involving the illicit trade of antiquities.