New Zealand greenhouse gas levels reach record highs

New Zealand has recorded its highest-ever atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, reaching 423.1 parts per million (ppm) in 2025. This represents a 30 percent increase since monitoring began at the Baring Head station in 1972.

Climate data indicates that New Zealand’s annual average temperatures have risen by 1.36°C since 1908. While rainfall patterns vary by region, there is a notable trend of extreme weather, with more precipitation occurring during severe storms. Some areas in the North Island are seeing increased annual rainfall, while others, such as Tauranga and Whangārei, have become significantly drier.

Looking ahead to the October–December 2026 period, Earth Sciences New Zealand forecasts temperatures will likely be above average across most of the country. This outlook is heavily influenced by strong El Niño conditions in the tropical Pacific, which are expected to drive more frequent westerly airflows and increased wind strength. While eastern regions may face dry, warm conditions, the west of the South Island is expected to see above-normal rainfall.