Non-drug treatments identified for knee osteoarthritis relief

A large-scale analysis published in PLOS One, involving 139 clinical trials and nearly 10,000 patients, has identified several effective drug-free options for managing knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The study compared 12 different treatments, finding that knee braces, hydrotherapy, and regular exercise provided significant improvements in pain, stiffness, and physical function.

While anti-inflammatory medications are common, they carry potential gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risks. Consequently, non-drug approaches like hydrotherapy—which uses warm water to reduce joint stress—and knee braces to support the joint are highlighted as viable alternatives. Other technology-based treatments, such as high-intensity laser therapy and shock wave therapy, showed promise in specific contexts, whereas ultrasound was ranked among the least effective.

In addition to clinical findings, the use of cold exposure, such as ice baths, is noted as a method to target inflammation and support natural recovery by leveraging the body’s response to cold to manage swelling and heat in the joints.