North Carolina State University researchers develop biomimetic underwater robot

Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a new subaquatic robot inspired by the feather star, a type of marine crinoid. The robot is designed to achieve three-dimensional maneuverability—including ascending, descending, advancing, and rotating—using only two actuators.

Traditionally, achieving such movement in underwater robotics requires at least six actuators and complex control systems. The team utilized “mechanical intelligence,” a design approach where the robot's physical structure contributes to its functionality, reducing the need for additional motors.

The robot utilizes mono-stable, feather-like limbs that return to their original shape after being flexed. By varying the rhythm of the actuators, the machine can swim, descend, or remain stationary in a floating mode.