Oak processionary caterpillar spreads across several Polish regions

The oak processionary caterpillar (Thaumetopoea processionea) has been recorded in three Polish voivodeships – Małopolskie, Kujawsko‑pomorskie and Wielkopolskie. Its larvae are covered in toxic hairs that can become airborne, causing skin irritation, rashes, eye inflammation, severe cough and, in rare cases, life‑threatening allergic reactions. Pets that sniff the nests may also suffer from drooling, difficulty drinking and skin wounds.

Local authorities have warned residents to avoid contact with the caterpillars and their nests, especially near oak trees where the insects form characteristic “processions”. Recommendations include removing contaminated clothing, washing it at ≥60 °C, using adhesive tape to lift hairs from skin, rinsing affected areas with lukewarm water and seeking medical help if eyes or respiratory passages are exposed. The spread is linked to warmer temperatures and climate change, extending an issue previously limited to France and Germany.

Forestry services advise that owners of private land must dispose of the nests, and the public is urged to report sightings to municipal offices.