GLP‑1 drugs linked to higher risk of smell and taste disorders

A large analysis of 438,474 patient records found that treatment with GLP‑1 receptor agonists – such as semaglutide (Ozempic) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro) – was associated with a 38 % increase in the incidence of smell (anosmia) and taste (dysgeusia) disturbances compared with other diabetes therapies. The elevated risk persisted for up to two years after treatment initiation, although the absolute risk remained low.

The study focused on adults with type‑2 diabetes who had no prior sensory deficits. Researchers noted that altered chemosensory perception could affect nutrition, cardiovascular health, and safety (e.g., failure to detect gas leaks). Because GLP‑1 is widely expressed in the nervous system, the authors suggest clinicians should routinely assess smell and taste changes rather than immediately attributing them to the medication.

These findings come as GLP‑1 agents are increasingly prescribed for weight loss, with usage reported in up to one‑eighth of U.S. adults. The authors recommend that healthcare providers consider standard diagnostic evaluations for new sensory symptoms in patients receiving GLP‑1 therapy.