Pakistan governance fueling extremism and political instability

A report by the International Center for Peace Studies indicates that Pakistan’s ‘hardline governance’ is fueling extremism and deepening political divisions in provinces such as Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The report highlights that ongoing protests in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir (PoK) further underscore the depth of internal turmoil within the country.

Economic challenges persist, with the economic growth rate for 2025-26 projected at only 3.5 percent. While the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has provided a 7 billion USD relief package, public debt remains at 68.5 percent of the GDP. The report suggests that the country requires authentic political leadership to resolve internal conflicts and ensure long-term stability.

Regional unrest is attributed to excessive centralization by the federal government, economic inequality, and political marginalization. The report notes that the Pakistani armed forces often treat these conflicts as matters of law and order or treason, accusing protesters of working for foreign powers, which undermines democratic avenues for addressing grievances.