Physical and mental exercises impact biological health and cognition

Physical and mental exercises offer distinct biological benefits for the body and brain. Physical activity can trigger a phenomenon known as a ‘runner’s high.’ While often attributed to endorphins, research suggests this euphoria, along with reduced anxiety, is likely caused by the endocannabinoid system, which increases levels of endocannabinoids in the bloodstream that can cross the blood-brain barrier.

Regarding cognitive health, a study by McGill University researchers found that targeted mental training can influence brain biology. In a ten-week study of volunteers over age 65, participants using the BrainHQ application—designed to stimulate attention and processing speed—showed increased activity in the cholinergic system. This activity was particularly notable in the hippocampus and cingulate cortex. The results indicated that such digital stimulation can make the brain function similarly to that of a person ten years younger, suggesting that cognitive decline can be actively mitigated through specific mental exercises.