Pilbara magnetite may generate natural hydrogen underground

Researchers at Edith Cowan University (ECU) have discovered that magnetite, a mineral abundant in Western Australia’s Pilbara region, may be capable of generating natural hydrogen gas underground.

By simulating deep-earth conditions—placing magnetite in water at 200°C under high pressure for 60 days—the study demonstrated how hydrogen forms within banded iron formations. The research also suggests that the process could be artificially stimulated; injecting a solution into these formations may increase hydrogen generation.

Lead researcher Kaveh Moghanirahimi noted that the scale of these formations could be transformative for energy security and independence. Associate Professor Alireza Keshavarz added that the discovery could allow Australia to become a major global exporter of clean energy.