Poland earned 17.1 billion PLN from EU ETS emissions trading in 2025

Poland generated 17.1 billion PLN in 2025 from the sale of CO2 emission allowances under the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS). Between 2013 and 2025, the country has collected approximately 141 billion PLN through this mechanism.

According to an analysis by Forum Energii, the distribution of these funds lacks a clear strategy for prioritizing energy transformation. The 2025 funds were allocated across several key areas:

• Public transport: 5.1 billion PLN for low-emission mobility. • Nuclear power construction: 4.6 billion PLN. • Energy-intensive industry: 2.9 billion PLN in compensations to prevent carbon leakage. • CPK and railway infrastructure: 2.3 billion PLN.

Additionally, approximately 7.5 billion PLN was directed through agreements made by the National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management (NFOŚiGW) via the Modernization Fund for projects such as building thermal insulation, energy storage, and heating networks.

Analysts note that while investments in transport and infrastructure are socially significant, they do not directly address the 'ETS gap' or reduce energy costs for end consumers. There is a noted lack of communication regarding how these funds, derived from emission costs, are used to subsidize services like public transit.