Poland to expand product liability to include AI and software

Poland is preparing to implement a European Union directive regarding defective product liability, which aims to modernize regulations that have been in place for approximately 40 years. The proposed changes to the civil code and civil procedure code, published by the Ministry of Justice, seek to expand the definition of a “product” to include digital goods such as software, applications, and artificial intelligence solutions.

Under the new framework, consumers will find it easier to seek compensation for damages involving health, life, or property. Key legal mechanisms include a presumption of defectiveness and a requirement for companies to disclose internal documentation, safety reports, and test results upon request. Failure to comply with disclosure requests may result in negative procedural consequences in court.

Liability for damages caused by these digital products may extend to those who introduce them to the market, as well as importers, sellers, and online platforms. If implemented on schedule, these changes are expected to take effect on December 9, 2026.