Polish Courts Reject Victim Liability for Fraud Loans as Banks Must Report Large Cash Transactions

Under Polish law, banks are required to notify the National Revenue Administration of cash deposits or withdrawals exceeding the equivalent of €15,000 (about 64,000 zł). Such operations trigger monitoring and may lead to account freezes while the source of funds is examined. The obligation applies even if the transaction is split into smaller amounts that together raise suspicion.

A district court in Łódź ruled that a client who fell victim to fraud and whose personal data were used to obtain a €60,000 loan is not required to repay the debt, because no valid loan agreement was signed by the victim. The court emphasized the bank’s duty to verify the identity of parties to a contract. Similar judgments have been issued in other Polish courts.