Portugal's Volta recycling scheme sparks debate over social impact

The Volta deposit return scheme in Portugal has sparked significant political and social debate. Lisbon Mayor Carlos Moedas has called for the immediate cancellation of the system, describing it as an ‘unprecedented social drama’ and an ‘impost’ on consumers. Moedas argues that the 10-cent refund per container has led to urban hygiene issues, with people—including the homeless and those struggling with addiction—searching through trash bins, leaving waste scattered on streets.

Environment Minister Maria da Graça Carvalho has rejected the call to end the program, stating that the system is a ‘European obligation’ necessary to meet recycling targets. She contends that the social issues observed are structural problems related to poverty rather than the scheme itself. The Minister suggested that separating recyclable containers from general waste could mitigate hygiene concerns.

Reports from the support center CASA indicate that some individuals have earned up to 40 euros a day collecting containers, with some even reportedly declining job opportunities in favor of collecting recyclables. Meanwhile, local municipalities like Oliveira de Azeméis continue to struggle with waste management and the lack of dedicated recycling centers for non-standard materials.