Proteomic study identifies blood proteins linked to coeliac disease

Researchers have identified 24 plasma proteins that may serve as biomarkers for coeliac disease activity. The study, conducted at the University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, utilized proteomics to analyze 264 blood and tissue samples collected between 2018 and 2024.

Coeliac disease is an autoimmune condition where gluten consumption causes gut inflammation and intestinal damage. While the standard treatment is a strict gluten-free diet, current blood tests often fail to provide clear indications of whether inflammation or damage persists in patients who adhere to the diet.

The study found that nine of the identified proteins are specifically linked to the extent of intestinal damage, potentially indicating disease progression. Researchers noted a clear distinction in protein levels between untreated individuals and healthy subjects, with those with untreated coeliac disease exhibiting the highest levels of inflammatory proteins.