Quebec political parties clash over immigration levels

Immigration levels and the protection of the French language have become central, divisive issues in the lead-up to Quebec’s provincial election. Political parties have proposed sharply different targets for permanent immigration.

The Parti Québécois (PQ), currently leading in polls, proposes capping permanent immigration at 35,000 annually and cutting temporary immigration by half. The PQ also aims to prioritize students and skilled workers already residing in the province while pausing permanent immigration from outside Quebec.

The governing Coalition Avenir Québec (CAQ) suggests maintaining current levels of 45,000 permanent immigrants per year through 2029. Meanwhile, the Parti Libéral du Québec (PLQ) proposes a range between 45,000 and 70,000, and Québec Solidaire (QS) advocates for a higher level of 70,000 immigrants annually, including the restoration of fast-track programs for temporary residents.

Public sentiment reflects this division; surveys indicate that 55 percent of Quebec residents believe the number of immigrants should be reduced, while 34 percent favor maintaining current levels. These debates are occurring against a backdrop of shifting demographics, with recent data showing a decline in the province’s total population and net migration.