Reflect Orbital plans to deploy space mirrors for nighttime illumination

California-based startup Reflect Orbital aims to deploy a constellation of up to 50,000 satellites equipped with large mirrors to redirect sunlight to specific locations on Earth after sunset. The company intends to sell this service for various applications, including supporting solar farms, aiding search-and-rescue operations, illuminating construction sites, and assisting military activities.

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has approved the launch of the company’s first demonstrator, Eärendil-1, which features an 18-by-18-meter reflector. To simulate the technology, the company recently conducted a ground-based test near Lone Pine, California, using powerful spotlights to mimic orbital illumination. The test, which produced light levels comparable to a full moon, caused significant brightness in the desert area.

While the company highlights potential life-saving benefits, the project faces scrutiny from scientists, astronomers, and environmentalists. Concerns include increased light pollution, disruption of natural day-night cycles, and negative impacts on wildlife and human health. Scientific modeling suggests that light scattered by the atmosphere could cause substantial sky glow far beyond the intended target areas, potentially affecting regions dozens of kilometers away.