Reflect Orbital proposes artificial space mirror Eärendil‑1 to illuminate Earth

U.S. startup Reflect Orbital seeks permission to launch an 18‑metre artificial mirror, dubbed Eärendil‑1, into low‑Earth orbit. The mirror would reflect sunlight toward selected points on the planet, effectively creating a controllable “second moon.” The company has obtained a limited permit for a single mirror and envisions a future fleet of thousands.

Astronomers and environmental groups have warned that the project could increase light pollution, hinder astronomical observations, and disturb ecosystems and wildlife. Over 1,800 public comments have been filed with the U.S. Federal Communications Commission, raising concerns about nighttime darkness as a human right and potential impacts on solar‑park performance. The venture’s financial viability remains unclear without substantial subsidies.