United States observes Columbus Day and Indigenous Peoples Day

The United States observes Columbus Day and Indigenous Peoples Day on the second Monday of October. While Columbus Day remains a federal holiday, an increasing number of states and cities have recognized Indigenous Peoples Day to honor the history, resilience, and culture of Native Americans.

In 2021, President Joe Biden issued the first presidential proclamation for Indigenous Peoples Day, acknowledging the painful history of atrocities inflicted on tribal nations. Conversely, Donald Trump has expressed opposition to recognizing the day alongside Columbus Day. Various states, including Alaska, Maine, and New Mexico, have officially replaced Columbus Day with Indigenous Peoples Day or established specific Native American heritage observances.

Observance impacts vary by region. In New York City, the 82nd annual Columbus Day Parade is scheduled to march up Fifth Avenue. Federal offices, post offices, and many banks are closed for the holiday, though stock exchanges and major retailers typically remain operational. Local celebrations range from community drumming and dancing to educational programs focused on Indigenous history and sovereignty.