Researchers describe rare case of presumed cerebral endometriosis

Researchers from Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Iași, Romania, have documented a rare case of presumed cerebral endometriosis. The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Medicine, details a 41-year-old woman who experienced seizures exclusively during her menstrual cycles.

Initial neurological evaluations in 2019 revealed a lesion in the hippocampus, a brain structure linked to memory and epileptic activity. While doctors initially considered possibilities such as cortical malformation, infection, or a tumor, the patient's seizures only occurred during menstruation. After beginning hormone treatment in 2021, the seizures ceased, and follow-up imaging in 2026 showed the lesion had disappeared.

The diagnosis is labeled as presumed because a biopsy was not performed due to the high risks associated with sampling tissue from the hippocampus.