Researchers develop micro-scale technologies for fluid manipulation

Researchers have developed two distinct miniature technologies designed to manipulate fluids for micro-scale applications.

At Cornell University, scientists have created a chip capable of generating microscopic bubbles on demand. By using a grid of tiny electrodes to produce hydrogen gas, the researchers can control the size and arrangement of bubbles between 10 and 100 micrometers. When combined with ultrasound, these vibrating bubbles can move surrounding liquids, offering a way to steer fluid flow in real time. This method could enhance the development of adaptable microscopic machines and medical technologies.

Separately, engineers at the University of Bristol have developed a miniature liquid-metal pump called LIMA. Weighing only 0.2 grams, the device uses magnetohydrodynamics to displace fluid when an electric current passes through a liquid-metal droplet within a magnetic field. The pump has been demonstrated in prototypes including a robotic butterfly, a color-changing bracelet, and a wearable fingertip device. This technology aims to provide movement for soft robotics and wearable interfaces without the need for bulky, rigid components.