Researchers map molecular machine in parasites causing tropical diseases

Researchers from the University of Liège and Rockefeller University have mapped the three-dimensional structure of a massive molecular machine used by trypanosomatid parasites with near-atomic precision. This discovery clarifies a biological mechanism that has been misunderstood for nearly forty years.

Trypanosomatids are responsible for several serious diseases in humans, animals, and plants, including Chagas' disease, sleeping sickness, and leishmaniasis. These parasites affect millions of people globally, and existing treatments are often limited by toxicity, low efficacy, or drug resistance.

The study focuses on a unique process called Spliced Leader (SL) RNA trans-splicing. Unlike conventional splicing, these organisms rely on adding a specific short RNA sequence to the 5' end of virtually all their messenger RNAs. This process is essential for the maturation of their RNAs and the overall survival of the parasite.