Romania clarifies legal rules for home surveillance camera installation

A growing number of Romanian homeowners are installing video surveillance systems to protect their residences, but the placement of such cameras is governed by several legal provisions. Under the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and Romanian civil and penal codes, cameras may be installed without a permit as long as they are aimed solely at the owner’s own property. If the field of view includes neighboring yards, balconies or other private spaces, the owner must obtain the consent of the affected persons, and the association of co‑owners may need to approve the installation at a general meeting.

Recording audio is subject to stricter rules; the law generally requires the microphone to be disabled unless all recorded parties have given consent. Violations can lead to civil liability, administrative fines or criminal charges under article 226 of the Penal Code. Lawyer Bogdan Pițigoi advises owners to adjust camera angles to minimise incidental capture of private areas and to respect data‑protection obligations.