Rome unveils massive ancient fresco and mosaic at Baths of Trajan

Authorities in Rome have unveiled two monumental ancient artworks discovered beneath the Baths of Trajan on the Oppian Hill. The unveiling follows a long-term restoration project aimed at preserving these rare 1st-century AD treasures.

The first major piece is the “Painted City” fresco, a 10-square-meter depiction of a fortified maritime city viewed from a bird's-eye perspective. Experts describe it as the largest wall fresco of its kind found in ancient Rome. The second is the “Great Mosaic” (also known as “The Muse and the Philosopher”), which measures approximately 15 meters high and 16 meters wide. This massive work features intricate architectural elements, columns, and figures such as Muses and a philosopher arranged across four levels.

Access to the site is being introduced cautiously. Initially, visitors will be allowed in small groups of up to 15 people during weekend trial periods to monitor how the delicate surfaces react to changes in humidity and climate. The restoration was part of the “Caput Mundi” program, which seeks to enhance the accessibility and preservation of Rome's archaeological heritage.